Enhance the management and governance of priority areas by addressing existing limitations;
Enforce the legal framework required to achieve effective biodiversity conservation in protected areas; and
Support local communities’ initiatives aiming to enhance the livelihoods of local people whilst effectively contributing to protected areas’ management.
Priority need addressed
Strengthening the capacity of the newly elected Authorised Association (AA) members by training them in governance best practices (as well as roles and responsibilities) to ensure the MBOMIPA Wildlife Management Area (MBOMIPA WMA) is being managed according to national and WMA legal frameworks, to ensure all rights and laws are adhered to and enabling clear communication to all stakeholders.
Enabling MBOMIPA WMA to recruit the management, hiring, and training with the necessary skills, tools, and control systems to effectively manage the WMA, effectively separating the roles and responsibilities of management from the oversight function of the AA and the Board.
Enhancing community awareness of the laws governing the WMA, the roles and responsibilities of the governing bodies and their rights with regard to resource access, input and dispute resolution.
Improving community perceptions of the WMA through developing Business Enterprise Sustainability Tool (and initially dialoguing with investors) and through the provision of HWC Mitigation Methods (via existing Protection Capacity), enhancing livelihoods through reducing the economic impact of human-wildlife conflict.
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
As a direct result of this project, STEP expects to continue collaborating with MBOMIPA WMA with the goal of significantly enhancing the management and governance by addressing existing limitations, and aiming to attain the following changes:
Community participation in the protection of natural resources of the WMA once they feel benefits from its existence.
The capacity of newly elected Authorised Association members will be strengthened resulting in the recruitment of an effective management team that will increase transparency about rights of access, governance structures and management priorities, engage stakeholders and effectively communicate progress.
Enabling the WMA to provide benefits to local communities through the provision of mitigation measures for human-elephant conflict and by attracting investors to conduct tourism activities.
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Implementing organisations
Southern Tanzania Elephant Program (STEP)
Protected and conserved area(s) concerned
Chimanimani National Park
The BIOPAMA AC Objectives addressed
Support local communities’ initiatives aiming to enhance the livelihoods of local people whilst effectively contributing to protected areas’ management
Priority need addressed
Enhancing livelihoods of communities living around a protected area, improve capacity of these communities and stakeholders in effective management of protected area and its surroundings
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
Increased capacity and active participation of local institutions and communities in ecosystem and biodiversity management in and around a protected in Chimanimani. A stakeholder Management and Advisory Group strengthened takes a coordinated approach to site management and guiding of local decisions on conservation in this KBA. A PAME tool (IMET) applied in Chimanimani established conservation gaps addressed by the protected area authority together with local stakeholders. Three local communities living around the protected area adopt green economic livelihoods that are environmentally friendly resulting in reduction of threats to the protected area landscape in Chimanimani. The acquired skills and knowledge in small-scale business management, marketing and value addition accelerate income generation from the established livelihoods. Sustainable and environmentally friendly farming practices by local communities integrate well with biodiversity conservation in and around the protected area. Improved ecosystems in and around the protected area through restoration of degraded areas and effective management of the site.
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Implementing organisations
Protected and conserved area(s) concerned
Santuario Bravio de Vilanculos / Vilanculos
The BIOPAMA AC Objectives addressed
Support local communities’ initiatives aiming to enhance the livelihoods of local people whilst effectively contributing to protected areas’ management.
Secure the Inhamambane Estuary mouth as a no-netting zone with adequate monitoring and enforcement
Improve corporate governance and fucntioning of Chingonguene CCP by holding a legal election and constructing a CCP headquarters with solar power and adequate freezer facilities
Improve education opportunities for Chingonguene children by making additions and improvements to the Chingonguene Primary School
Priority need addressed
The Inhamambane Estuary plays a critical role as a breeding ground and nursery for numerous reef and pelagic fish and the estuary mouth is an incredibly important aggregation site for sharks and rays, including the critically endangered rhino ray/wedgefish. This estuary and mouth are also vital fishing areas for the Chingonguene community which resides alongside the estuary, providing both nutritional and economic resources to its people. The project aims to declare the Inhamambane estuary mouth a restricted use zone enforced with a new patrol boat with no netting permitted for the protection of sharks and rays, and to provide economic benefits to the Chingonguene community through the provision of facilities and equipment to improve governance and education opportunities, introduce more sustainable fishing practices, and access economic benefits from existing ecotourism markets.
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
By establishing sound governance and headquarters for the Chingonguene CCP the long-term sustainability and effectiveness of the CBO will be significantly enhanced. The creation of a viable income stream through establishment of a marketplace with fish storage facilities and an end-user market already in place will ensure the continuous flow of economic benefits to the CCP and all members of the community, enabling ongoing maintenance of buildings and equipment, including the community primary school. The project improves future prospects for alternative livelihoods and careers, unlocks conservation education lessons in the school by ensuring adequate infrastructure, and creates employment opportunities for women and youth through construction projects centered in the Chingonguene village. In ecological terms, the numbers of sharks and rays observed in the estuary mouth and on surrounding reefs are expected to increase due to more effective patrols by boat, less indiscriminate netting due to enforcement of restrictions, and the implementation of effective catch monitoring.
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Implementing organisations
Protected and conserved area(s) concerned
Maputo National Park (MNAP)
The BIOPAMA AC Objectives addressed
Enhance the management and governance of priority areas by addressing existing limitations;
Enforce the legal framework required to achieve effective biodiversity conservation in protected areas;
Enhance the livelihoods of local people by supporting local initiatives.
Priority need addressed
Resource Management- the protected area has active management activities, such as habitat rehabilitation, population monitoring, protection of key-places, control of invasive species and monitoring of the sustainable extraction of natural resources.
Local communities’ contribution to management decisions related with communities, however there is open communication between 3 locals and park authority;
Local Community Livelihoods improved, but not significantly through conservation efforts (e.g. employments in the protected area and tourism).
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
Capacity of the CCP Members and community members on associativism, finance management, stakeholder engagement, grievance mechanism and resource fisheries management built
12 CCP members trained on enforcement skills by park authorities
05 community members, identified by the CCPs in collaboration with park authorities, 03 CCP members from the Santa Maria, Mabuluco and Inhaca Island and 03 park rangers trained in artisanal and subsistence fisheries monitoring techniques
At least 10 new community members of Santa Maria identified and hired by the CCP and trained in mussel mariculture and market value chain by the park authorities
At least 15 community members of the Santa Maria, Mabuluco and Inhaca Island communities trained in the development of tourism initiatives.
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Implementing organisations
Protected and conserved area(s) concerned
Locally Managed Marine Area (LMMA), Bandar, Southern Cabo Delgado Province
The BIOPAMA AC Objectives addressed
Enhance the management and governance of priority areas by addressing existing limitations
Enforce the legal framework required to achieve effective biodiversity conservation in protected areas
Support local communities’ initiatives aiming to enhance the livelihoods of local people whilst effectively contributing to protected areas’ management
Priority need addressed
The priority actions for the LMMA of Bandar were identified using the IMET and SAGE diagnostic tools, an initial phase funded by BIOPAMA STGA. Priority needs identified were:
To involve women mosquito net fishers (MNFs) in all stages of the process of establishing LMMAs, defining strategies to control overfishing and harmful gear use and prioritising offsetting the opportunity costs faced by women MNFs.
To operationalise and strengthen the Bandar co-management committee (Bandar Community Fisheries Council (CCP)): capacity building of Bandar CCP members in administrative management, financial management, legislation, planning and management of small projects, and supporting infrastructure and equipment needs.
To co-design and establish communication and environmental education strategies through which the CCP can engage with the wider community (including formal and informal environmental education programmes).
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
The northern coast of Mozambique is an area of important biodiversity. Poverty is widespread within communities here, and they are highly dependent on marine resources for their own subsistence. LMMAs support local fishers to manage resources sustainably and protect a variety of key habitats such as seagrass, intertidal areas and mangroves, benefitting the fish and other species found here. At the end of the project, there will be an increase in CPUE of two indicator species for fisheries (Octopus cyanea, Siganus sutor) as a result of coordinated enforcement and improved management of the LMMA of Bandar tackling overfishing, harmful fishing practices, and protecting mangroves.
In parallel to this, the project is seeking to reduce pressure on these key marine systems whilst also creating jobs by diversifying livelihoods. At project end, the enabling conditions will be identified and in place for key actors (women mosquito net fishers (MNFs) and salt producers) to engage with sustainable livelihood options, offsetting opportunity costs, linked with LMMA management, through a demonstrable alternative livelihood option (bivalve aquaculture), and increased capacity of Bandar CCP to continue implementing behaviour change strategy beyond project timeline.
Enhance the management and governance of priority areas by addressing existing limitations (strengthening on-site infrastructure/equipment for patrolling, poaching control, developing capacity of staff);
Strengthen the legal framework required to achieve effective biodiversity conservation;
Support local communities’ initiatives aiming to enhance the livelihoods of local people whilst effectively contributing to protected areas management.
Priority need addressed
The project plans to provide the following three solutions to achieve the targeted objectives:
Capacity building of Community based organizations (CBOs) (technical aspects and material means) to be autonomous and have more latitude in their roles and responsibilities;
Contribution to the better understanding of the laws in force and their application by the CBOs;
Support for improving CBOs’ livelihoods through fruit tree cultivation, vegetable swamp culture, and reforestation.
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
By monitoring lemurs and their habitats using transects (biomonitoring), the health of the protected area will be maintained and the number of individuals and population of the threatened species of Indri indri (CR), Propithecus diadema (CR) and Varecia variegata (CR) in the project intervention area will be kept or increased;
The capacity of the CBOs to manage the PA and the application of the laws for a better conservation of lemurs and their habitats will be reinforced, specifically through increased capacity of the 36 patrollers furrowing the site of Fierenana, as well as for the local authorities, including the Chief of the Fokontany and the Commune, and the traditional chiefs;
Through various workshops, trainings, and events, at least 36 patrollers, 30 teachers and 5 local authorities will have increased awareness-raised of the conservation of biodiversity and lemurs, including various awareness-raising tools which will be designed;
The resilience of local communities to climate change will be enhanced through ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) activities
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Protected and conserved area(s) concerned
Community Conservation Areas (Co-Management Areas) under Kilifi County Beach Management Unit (BMU) Network
The BIOPAMA AC Objectives addressed
Enhance the management and governance of priority protected areas by addressing existing limitations
Enforce the legal framework required to achieve effective biodiversity conservation in PAs
Priority need addressed
The current review of the Kenya 2020 Beach Management Unit (BMU) Regulations lays down the devolution of responsibility from State to County Level. In so doing, it establishes the process of the registration and operation of County BMU NWs. A recent assessment by
Oceans Alive, established that the guidelines for implementing the legal framework of BMUs are still in draft. Consequently, apart from Kuruwitu-BMU, all 16 members of the Kilifi BMU-Network ( KBMU-NW) have: 1) An uncertain legal status, 2) Lack official property rights to the CMA and Fish Landing Sites, 3) Actors have unclear roles . 4) Lack representation and participation in county decision making, 5) Have no formal legal backing in enforcement, 6) Do not draw equitable benefits from the County budgets
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
Through the implementation of the project the fledgling KBMU-NW will be registered with County Authorities, to be legally constituted as per the BMU Regulations, and recognised as a legal entity, representative of its 17 BMU Members.
With the KBMU-NW constitution officially registered democratically representing 17 BMU members. This will create an advocacy platform to protect the user rights and tenure of its fishers, and associated value chains.
With the KBMU-NW MSP plan supported, it will guide decisions during preparations on establishing critical ecological zones that are in need of protection, highlighting additional scope for no-take zones.
With statistical information from county records and local research organisations made available to KBMU-NW for decision making, this will strengthen their MSP and support the development of their JCMA plan.
With KBMU-NW and DoF supported to incorporate the MSP, Resource Assessment, by-laws and other requirements needed in development of the JCMA. This will strengthen the effectiveness and focus of the JCMA plan developed.
With the KBMU-NW legal bylaws included in the Constitutional by laws this will form a basis for KBMU-NW to establish their MCS to ensure protection of their resources.
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Photo Credits: Remmy Shoka
Protected and conserved area(s) concerned
Burunge Wildlife Management Area
The BIOPAMA AC Objectives addressed
Enhance the management and governance of priority areas by addressing existing limitations;
Enforce the legal framework required to achieve effective biodiversity conservation in protected areas;
Support local communities’ initiatives aiming to enhance the livelihoods of local people whilst effectively contributing to protected areas’ management
Priority need addressed
The project will address the key actions from the SAGE assessment; by establishing long-term plans, stakeholder forums, and implementing communication strategies to foster trust and transparency for improved governance of the PCA. The project will also focus on increasing awareness among community stakeholders regarding their rights in decision-making and resource access.
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
Change how Burunge WMA works as a team where governance and management execute their roles. o Governance provides oversight of management (meeting regularly to review progress and approve plans) and regularly communicates with communities:
Management is able to professionally and transparently manage their finance and activities with accurate reports shared quarterly, as agreed per policies and commitments to relative stakeholders. • All stakeholders will have an agreed common goal and direction to work towards.
Stakeholders have been involved in the development of BEST that outlines clear long-term goals within the first 6-months of the project. Actions to deliver goals are clearly communicated with potential donors and investors.
WMA management is using BEST to develop annual work plans.
2. Trust and relationships between stakeholders and Burunge WMA is established due to regular communications and engagement:
There are regular meetings at least every 6 months to discuss issues as well as BEST implementation progress, collaboration in tourism marketing and product development activities.
Stakeholders are provided with quarterly and annual reports of the WMA activities and progress relevant to the stakeholder groups.
3. Communities understand the goal of the WMA, their rights within the WMA, and the benefits of the WMA and value the WMA:
Hour-long film is made in year 2 and shown to all 10 villages communicating the goals of the WMA, shared benefits, challenges, and successes.
Posters will be shared with the community that communicates the rights of the citizens, the land and resource use zones within the WMA, and the purpose of WMA laws and policies within year one.
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Photo credits: Emma Barber
Implementing organisations
Honeyguide Foundation (MG-EA-1916)
Protected and conserved area(s) concerned
Lumo Community Wildlife Conservancy
The BIOPAMA AC Objectives addressed
Enhance the management and governance of priority areas by addressing existing limitations
Support local communities’ initiatives aiming to enhance the livelihoods of local people whilst effectively contributing to protected areas management
Priority need addressed
Lumo conservancy grapples with a number of governance challenges such as biases against youth and women, lack of recognition and respect for the rights of all relevant actors, lack of full and effective participation of all relevant actors in decision making, lack of transparency, information sharing, and accountability by those in authority and lack of equitable benefit sharing among the relevant actors especially youth and women.
This project will address these governance challenges by implementing specific actions born out of a Site Level Assessment of Governance and Equity (SAGE) of Lumo conservancy carried out in November 2021.
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
Improved recognition and respect for the rights of all relevant actors within the conservancy Improved participation of women and youth in decision making within the conservancy
Capacity of conservancy rangers strengthened for effective provision of security for both wildlife and people within the conservancy
The conservancy has improved benefits and benefit-sharing mechanisms
The conservancy has improved management and governance for effective conservancy governance and management
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Photo credits: Vincent Ochieng
Protected and conserved area(s) concerned
Mount Fatumasin
The BIOPAMA AC Objectives addressed
Protected Area Managers are recruited and trained.
Priority need addressed
Building institutional and human capacity of the Protected Area Department in Timor-Leste and building community livelihoods, awareness and support for the Protected Areas.
The change the project implementation will bring for the protected area(s)
By the end of the project, the management effectiveness of the Mount Fatumasin Protected Area will be improved through increased technical and institutional capacity, and community awareness and support.By the end of the project, livelihoods of communities living within the Protected Areas are improved through investment in ten sustainable livelihoods ventures, with a focus on eco-tourism and Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP).
